Cell phone towers and cancer risk

A detailed analysis of some 1397 children with cancer between ages 0 and 4 evaluated the exposure of mothers to cell phone towers based on residence at birth of the child (see study). These children with cancer were compared to 5588 children born on the same day who were free from cancer. This detailed study compared exposures for a range of childhood cancers including brain, central nervous system, leukemia, non Hodgkin lymphoma and all cancers combined 1.

The investigators analyzed the data controlling for socioeconomic deprivation and the population density. The observed no significant relation between exposure and total cancer risk. Total output as well as power density from the transmitter were evaluated. In fact the overall association was null and showed little suggestion of any reliant for the subtypes of cancer. Further more there was no association between increasing levels of exposure and risk.

These reassuring data add further evidence that childhood cancer rates are not explained by this in utero radiofrequency exposure.

As the President’s Cancer Panel noted there is much concern in the community that increasing exposure to cell phone technology may adversely effect the risk of cancer in children. These data from a rigorous evaluation found no association between the exposure of mothers during pregnancy to radiofrequency from to cell phone base stations and risk of cancer in young children. A detailed review by the National Academy 2 of radiofrequency exposure reported no evidence for adverse effects at levels of exposure across a broad range.

How should one interpret this study of base station exposure in relation to other sources of radiofrequency? It has been estimated that one day’s exposure from a base station at an incident level of about 2-10mW/m2 corresponds to about the first 4 seconds of local exposure to the head and about 30 minutes of whole body exposure arising from the use of a mobile phone 3.  Theoretical concerns persist, however, about the effects on children. Given their size and the potential for exposure to add over a lifetime, it is still recommended that exposure of children to cell phones should be minimized.


1.            Elliott P, Toledano MB, Bennett J, et al. Mobile phone base stations and early childhood cancers: case-control study. BMJ. 2010;340:c3077.
2.            Committee to Assess Potential Health Effects from Exposures to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy NRC. An Assessment of potential health effects from exposure to PAVE PAWS low-level phased-array raadiofrequency energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2005.
3.            Regel SJ, Negovetic S, Roosli M, et al. UMTS base station-like exposure, well-being, and cognitive performance. Environ Health Perspect. Aug 2006;114(8):1270-1275.

Preventing Cancer: Who Has Time?

In honor of Father’s Day, the New York Times reports that fathers are now just as stressed out as their wives over balancing work and family. As we struggle to deliver 200% at work each day and come home and offer the same to our children and spouses, it can be easy to let the choices we talk about for cancer prevention -- cutting down on processed food, eating vegetables (i.e. doing battle at the dinner table to get everyone to eat their vegetables), being active -- slip by.

The CNiC team doesn’t have all the answers, and we struggle like everyone else, but we’ve developed a few strategies that help us fit cancer prevention into each day.

1) Plan the week’s menu out ahead of time. Knowing what is “on tap” for dinner each night makes coming home and needing to get dinner on the table less stressful. It also means you can plan in the vegetables in a way that works for your family – whether it is mixing them into a yummy pasta dish or making sure to have little Jane’s favorite, peas, on hand.

2) Keep fruits and vegetables within arm’s reach. OK, this is a slight exaggeration, but making sure the counters, desks, and fridge are filled with fruits and vegetables makes them an easy and convenient choice to make for everyone.

3) Exercise in the morning before work, school, or family obligations. You’ll be sure to fit it in before the day gets too hectic, and you’ll only have to shower once – another time saver. To boost the chances you’ll actually heed the alarm clock, put your sneakers next to bed as a not-so-subtle reminder of your plans. We even know of some folks who sleep in their running clothes to remove even one more step. A bit wacky, yes, but you do what works for you.

4) Make exercise time family time. Head out with your young ones in a jogging stroller or have your older ones get on their bikes to keep pace! And don’t let the weather get in your way – crank up the stereo and dance around with your kids. You’ll be amazed at how much fun they have seeing mom and dad acting silly (well, at least until that age where everything mom and dad do is horribly embarrassing).

5) Stash spare workout shoes and clothes at work, school, in the car. You never know when you’ll have a spare 30 minutes to get a walk or run in, so it’s good to have your workout stuff close at hand. The meeting could let out early or be rescheduled later; kids could have an unplanned play date; or the stars could just align and create an unexpected opening in your day. So it’s good to be ready to go at any time.

6) Call on friends. When you’re home alone with three young kids and just can’t see how you’re going to get out for a quick walk or swim, ask a friend if they could look after your kids for a little bit. It’s not something you’ll want to do regularly, most likely, but it’s something a lot of friends would be happy to do, and if they have kids as well, they’ll feel free to call on you when they need to fit in a quick walk some day.

7) Say “no” at the supermarket. Advertising has a huge pull on our kids and if we’re honest on us as well. Sure, it’s not the most positive stance to take, but telling your kids “no” to their pleading for nutritionless and calorie-packed cereals, snacks, and treats is a quick, if not always easy, way to keep your family on the right nutrition track. It may cause a meltdown in aisle three, something no one ever wants, but it’s worth every bit of time and energy you put into it. Maintaining a healthy weight should be a family priority, especially for our kids who set their healthy habits early in life.

Genetic Predisposition to Cancer: Family History is Important and Often Under Recorded

This week the New York Times (editorial) again points to the realization that after 10 years of extensive research that has advanced scientific understanding of human genetics we are still a long way off from quantifiable clinical benefits. Importantly, the value of a family history in clinical practice has received much attention from NIH consensus panel and other opinion leaders in clinical medicine (report). However, recent data from Australia highlights just how large a gap we have between clinical recommendations and actual practice. This is not a problem limited to family history but the data point to the challenge of moving from recommendations to high quality care.

As Emery and colleagues note, a family history may aid in diagnosis, risk assessment, and preventive counseling for many chronic conditions. Review of charts for patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Australia showed that family history was recorded in only 16% of patient charts. Clearly, a major contributor to disease risk and a guide for identifying those who can gain substantially from preventive interventions was omitted from the majority of patient charts. This is not a problem limited to Australia, but rather these data reflect that lack of attention is too often focused on this important marker of disease risk that can be used to help focus prevention messages.  

For all of us it is important to remember to bring our family history of disease to the attention of our primary care provider so that medical decisions and recommendations can take account of our genetic predisposition as summarized by our family history. For many cancers and other chronic disease the benefits of lifestyle changes and other prevention strategies give a greater reduction in total risk to those with a family history. This opportunity to reduce risk should not be missed.